Abstract Despite APOE4 having the highest known risk for developing sporadic late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD), there is little information on how APOE4 variant impinges on the cellular functions of disparate cell types in the human brain, especially the astrocytes and […]

Abstract UPS impairment has been implicated as a contributing factor in multiple human neurodegenerative diseases, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Through an inhibitor screening of kinases that were upregulated in SOD1 ALS […]

Abstract Genetic mutations are linked to a variety of human diseases. To understand how these genes contribute to disease, a reductionist approach is often used; a mutation in gene X causes dysfunction in protein X affecting pathway X to cause […]

Abstract Despite the fundamental role of the brainstem in regulating vital functional abilities such as arousal, breathing, autonomic nervous system activity as well as regulating all higher cerebral functions via neurotransmitter projections systems originating in the brainstem, the role of […]

Abstract Synucleinopathies are neurological disorders, characterized by neuronal and glial deposition of a-synuclein aggregates. These disorders include Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementi with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. Cell-to-cell transmission of these aggregates are thought to be the underlying mechanism […]

Abstract Mitochondria have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and beta amyloid is found in the mitochondria, which interact with the proteins inside the organelles. To examine the role of mitochondria in AD pathogenesis […]

Abstract Synaptic Plasticity is held to be at the basis of most signal processing capabilities of the central nervous system. Long-term plasticity receives most attention by neuroscientists, since it underlies learning and memory. Short-term plasticity (STP), on the other hand, […]